POVERTY AND HUNGER
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Turkey's Recent Economic History
Turkey's recent economic history can be divided into three stages:
1. in 2001, Turkey experienced an economic crisis that lasted all the way until the global crisis in 2007. Public debt rose and inflation dropped. Major reform in the banking sector can be praised for bringing credit back into the economy. The GDP rose from $4000 to almost $11000 in 2011
2. The global shock in 2008 also rocked Turkey, but though Turkey experienced a shape decline, there was a quick recovery.
3. Turkey's third phase is taking place now. The economy itself is improving but GDP and labor have stagnated since 2007
1. in 2001, Turkey experienced an economic crisis that lasted all the way until the global crisis in 2007. Public debt rose and inflation dropped. Major reform in the banking sector can be praised for bringing credit back into the economy. The GDP rose from $4000 to almost $11000 in 2011
2. The global shock in 2008 also rocked Turkey, but though Turkey experienced a shape decline, there was a quick recovery.
3. Turkey's third phase is taking place now. The economy itself is improving but GDP and labor have stagnated since 2007
Poverty in Turkey
- The issue of poverty and hunger: 1.3 billion people in the world live on $1.25 a day. Poverty, food prices, and hunger are all linked as poverty can cause hunger.
- In Turkey, the proportion of people living under the poverty line has gradually decreased since 2003. in 2009, the poverty line increased to 18.08% after 2008's 17.79%, but these numbers have gone down gradually with the poverty line being at 16.9% in 2012. Virtually no Turkish citizens live on less than $1 a day-- this number has dropped from 0.49% to 0.22%. The daily poverty line in Turkey is now set at $4.30. The population that lived bellows $4.30 in 2002 was at 30.30% but in 2011 it was all the way down at 2.79%. The richest people in Turkey have a lump sum of 10.5 billion Turkish dollars ($ 6,360) monthly, but the poorest have 132 million (%80). Though the country is largely middle income and has a rising economy, there are still massive gaps between the rich and the poor as well as the urban and rural population.
- The poorest people in Turkey are the self employed, rural, unpaid farm workers. They live in the least developed areas in East and Southeast Anatolia and in coastal areas by the Black Sea. They have a 40% lower national income average The rural poverty in Turkey is much greater than that in urban areas. In 2008, rural poverty increased from 34.62% to 38.69% but dropped in urban areas from 9.38% to 8.86%. Poverty is much more prominent in rural areas due to the large farms, lack of infrastructure (roads, etc), environmental issues (causing damage to farms), and no welfare safety nets.
- In Turkey, the proportion of people living under the poverty line has gradually decreased since 2003. in 2009, the poverty line increased to 18.08% after 2008's 17.79%, but these numbers have gone down gradually with the poverty line being at 16.9% in 2012. Virtually no Turkish citizens live on less than $1 a day-- this number has dropped from 0.49% to 0.22%. The daily poverty line in Turkey is now set at $4.30. The population that lived bellows $4.30 in 2002 was at 30.30% but in 2011 it was all the way down at 2.79%. The richest people in Turkey have a lump sum of 10.5 billion Turkish dollars ($ 6,360) monthly, but the poorest have 132 million (%80). Though the country is largely middle income and has a rising economy, there are still massive gaps between the rich and the poor as well as the urban and rural population.
- The poorest people in Turkey are the self employed, rural, unpaid farm workers. They live in the least developed areas in East and Southeast Anatolia and in coastal areas by the Black Sea. They have a 40% lower national income average The rural poverty in Turkey is much greater than that in urban areas. In 2008, rural poverty increased from 34.62% to 38.69% but dropped in urban areas from 9.38% to 8.86%. Poverty is much more prominent in rural areas due to the large farms, lack of infrastructure (roads, etc), environmental issues (causing damage to farms), and no welfare safety nets.
Food Insecurity
food in·se·cu·ri·ty: the state of being without reliable access to sufficient quantity of affordable , nutritious food
- In Turkey, there is a 5% prevelance of undernourishment
- According to the Global Security Index, the strengths of Turkey actually lie in nutritional standards and food safety
- In Turkey, there is a 5% prevelance of undernourishment
- According to the Global Security Index, the strengths of Turkey actually lie in nutritional standards and food safety
Typical Turkish Diet
Turkish cuisine is much like its culture- a crossroads of East and West:
- Meats: common meats are chicken, lamb, beef, and seafood. There are great benefits of iron and protein from these meats but also the way they are cooked is notably healthy. Rather than being fired or processed, Turkish meats are typically grilled or barbaqued. - Kebabs: plain or marinated meat that is either stewed or grilled - Lamb: the basic meat - Vegetables: Aubergine or eggplant is a widely used vegetable. Dolma are vegetables like trap leaves, cabbage leaves, and green peppers. vegetables are important parts of the diet. - Yoghurt is a healthy staple ingredient used in marinade, dips, and dressings. - Olive oil is a common component of Mediterranean dishes. Rich in monounsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, it is a healthy addition to dressings and dips. - Oily Fish: high in protein but low in fat and calories - pilav- a rush dish usually served with fish - Desserts: Baklava, buttery pastries, fruits and teas - Borek: flaky pastries - Drinks: usually coffee or teas and sometimes Raki ( a very strong alcohol) - Soups: a common meal, typically meat based The Issue of HungerHunger: sensation caused by want of food; craving appetite; also exhausted condition caused by want of food
Health conditions caused by hunger: - unwanted weight loss, fatigue, headaches, irritability, inability to concentrate, frequent colds - Iron-defeicnency anemia affects child development - Negative effects on pregnant mothers and their babies - chronic and acute diseases come from hunger Jobs Poverty causes hunger, but hunger also causes poverty. Due to the lack of energy, nourishment and ___, people are not fit to be in the work place. When this happens, the economy suffers and when the economy suffers for this select few, their hunger increases. This is a greater issue for Turkey in rural areas. Thought there are some impoverished people in urban areas, there are greater opportunities for employment there. Some opportunities include sales representatives, marketing directors, teachers, dancers, tour guides... the opportunities are pretty endless. In rural areas, though, people are self-employed farmers. Housing The homes in Turkey are adequate in both rural and urban areas and do not contribute to any of the above issues. There is no massive issue concerning homes. Urban housing ranges from homes to apartments and rural housing contains either adobe homes or rough-hewn homes with bare floors. These are pretty adequate homes that change slightly due to environment, region, exposure to earthquakes or floods. There are, though, slums in impoverished areas which are not as nice, clean and safe as a urban apartment or rural family home. (see above image of a slum) |
Current EventCurrent Event:
A report from April 23 states that according to European Standards, 2/3 children in Turkey live in poverty. There is also a very high material deprivation amongst ages 0-15. Material deprivation is not being able to afford any 4 of the following: rent, mortgage, adequate house warming, expenses, and nutritious meals. Turkey falls behind Romania and Hungary in terms of poverty and material deprivation. That rate fell from 2006-2010 but unfortunately there was a slight increase. The report goes into greater detail about the concerning numbers, but the main idea is that child poverty is persistent and sever. This causes great concern for generations to come- social policies are absolutely necessary and must be added. http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/two-thirds-of-children-live-in-poverty-in-turkey-report.aspx?pageID=238&nID=65461&NewsCatID=341/ Relief ServicesCurrently, Catholic Relief Services are working in Turkey to fight the poverty and hunger that is being experienced by Syrian refugees that are crossing the border into Turkey for sanctuary.
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SOURCES:
"What Is the Current Situation in Turkey?" Eradicate Extreme Hunger and Poverty. UNDP. Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://www.tr.undp.org/content/turkey/en/home/mdgoverview/overview/mdg1/>.
"Hunger Action Network of New York State." Hunger Action Network of New York State. Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://www.hungeractionnys.org/health6.htm>.
"The Global Food Security Index." Global Food Security Index: Country Profile. Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://foodsecurityindex.eiu.com/Country/Details#Turkey>.
"Turkish Food - Nutritional Information, Healthy Choices, Calories." HubPages. HugPages Inc. Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://janderson99.hubpages.com/hub/Turkish-Food-Nutritional-Information-Healthy-Choices-Calories>.
"Rural Poverty Portal." Rural Poverty Portal. Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/country/home/tags/turkey>.
"Turkish Cuisine." - All About Turkey. Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://www.allaboutturkey.com/mutfak.htm>.
Kottasova, Ivana. "How Turkey Turned from Emerging Star to Economic Mess." CNN. Cable News Network, 7 Aug. 2014. Web. 15 Nov. 2014. <http://edition.cnn.com/2014/08/07/business/turkey-economy-problems/>.
"Hürriyet Daily News | Archive News Detail." Hürriyet Daily News | Archive News Detail. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. <http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/default.aspx?pageid=438&n=number-of-poor-people-increases-in-turkey-2011-01-06>.
"Jobs in Turkey - Search & Apply." Jobs in Turkey,Work Employment Opportunities,free Posting Site,job Search for Foreigners,Americans. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. <http://www.learn4good.com/jobs/language/english/list/country/turkey/>.
"Country Comparison Population below Poverty Line." Population below Poverty Line. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. <http://www.indexmundi.com/g/r.aspx?v=69>.
"What Is the Current Situation in Turkey?" Eradicate Extreme Hunger and Poverty. UNDP. Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://www.tr.undp.org/content/turkey/en/home/mdgoverview/overview/mdg1/>.
"Hunger Action Network of New York State." Hunger Action Network of New York State. Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://www.hungeractionnys.org/health6.htm>.
"The Global Food Security Index." Global Food Security Index: Country Profile. Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://foodsecurityindex.eiu.com/Country/Details#Turkey>.
"Turkish Food - Nutritional Information, Healthy Choices, Calories." HubPages. HugPages Inc. Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://janderson99.hubpages.com/hub/Turkish-Food-Nutritional-Information-Healthy-Choices-Calories>.
"Rural Poverty Portal." Rural Poverty Portal. Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/country/home/tags/turkey>.
"Turkish Cuisine." - All About Turkey. Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://www.allaboutturkey.com/mutfak.htm>.
Kottasova, Ivana. "How Turkey Turned from Emerging Star to Economic Mess." CNN. Cable News Network, 7 Aug. 2014. Web. 15 Nov. 2014. <http://edition.cnn.com/2014/08/07/business/turkey-economy-problems/>.
"Hürriyet Daily News | Archive News Detail." Hürriyet Daily News | Archive News Detail. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. <http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/default.aspx?pageid=438&n=number-of-poor-people-increases-in-turkey-2011-01-06>.
"Jobs in Turkey - Search & Apply." Jobs in Turkey,Work Employment Opportunities,free Posting Site,job Search for Foreigners,Americans. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. <http://www.learn4good.com/jobs/language/english/list/country/turkey/>.
"Country Comparison Population below Poverty Line." Population below Poverty Line. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. <http://www.indexmundi.com/g/r.aspx?v=69>.